Conditional sentence type 1 adalah conditional sentence yang
digunakan ketika result / consequence (hasil) dari condition (syarat) memiliki
kemungkinan untuk terwujud di masa depan karena condition-nya realistik untuk
dipenuhi.
Rumus Conditional Sentence Type 1
If + Subjek +V.1, S
+ Will + V.1
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Type 1
1.
If I prepare well for the test I
will pass it .
2.
If I have free
time, I will go swimming.
3.
If the bell
rings, I’ll go home.
4.
If you meet Andy,
ask him to call me. [Imperative]
5.
If you don’t
finish your homework, your teacher will be angry.
6.
If he doesn’t
come, I won’t be angry. / Unless he comes, I won’t be angry.
7.
If he comes, I
won’t be angry.
8.
If they invite
you, will you come?
9.
He will not come if you are angry
with him.
10. My mother will go to Bali if she has
a lot of money.
Fakta:bersifat
kemungkinan,probably,may be.
Conditional
sentence type 2 atau
second conditional adalah conditional
sentence yang digunakan ketika result/consequence (hasil) dari condition
(syarat) tidak memiliki atau hanya sedikit kemungkinan untuk terwujud karena condition-nya
tidak mungkin dipenuhi di masa sekarang (present unreal situation) atau condition-nya
sulit untuk dipenuhi di masa depan (unlikely to happen).
Rumus Conditional Sentence Type 2
- If di awal kalimat:
|
if
+ condition, result/consequence
|
|
if
+ simple past,
would/could/might + bare
infinitive
|
- If di tengah kalimat:
|
result/consequence
+ if + condition
|
|
would/could/might
+ bare infinitive + if + simple past
|
Negatif if + condition
Rumus:
if…not dapat digantikan dengan unless.
Were Menggantikan Was
Pada
conditional sentence type 2, were digunakan menggantikan was
meskipun subjek yang digunakan merupakan 3rd person pronoun (she,
he, it) maupun kata benda tunggal. Hal ini untuk menunjukkan bahwa
pengandaiannya benar-benar hanya berupa khayalan semata karena condition-nya
tidak mungkin dipenuhi (present unreal situation).
|
if
+ condition, result/consequence
|
|
if
+ S + were, would (could/might) + bare infinitive
|
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Type 2
|
Kalimat
|
Contoh
Kalimat Conditional Sentence type 2
|
|
(+)
|
If
it rained tomorrow, I would sleep all day.
(Jika
besok hujan, saya akan tidur sepanjang hari.)
Fakta:
but
I don’t have much hope it will rain (tapi saya tidak punya cukup keyakinan
bahwa besok akan hujan)
|
|
If
Nisa studied hard, she would pass.
(Jika
Nisa belajar keras, dia akan lulus.)
Fakta:
but
Nisa doesn’t study hard (tapi Nisa tidak belajar keras.)
|
|
|
If
I had much money, I would buy a sport car.
(Jika
saya punya banyak uang, saya akan membeli sebuah mobil sport.)
Fakta:
but
I don’t have much money (tapi saya tidak punya banyak uang)
|
|
|
If
I were a millionaire, I would donate my money to charity.
(Jika
saya seorang millionaire, saya akan mendonasikan uang saya untuk amal.)
Fakta:
but
I’m not a millionaire (tapi saya bukan seorang milioner)
|
|
|
(-)
|
If
Nisa studied hard, she wouldn’t fail.
(Jika
Nisa belajar keras, dia tidak akan gagal.)
|
|
If
Nisa didn’t study hard, she would fail. atau Unless Nisa studied hard, she
would fail.
(Jika Nisa tidak belajar keras, dia akan gagal.) |
|
|
If
I were a millionaire, I wouldn’t donate my money to charity.
|
|
|
(?)
|
If
Nisa studied hard, would she pass?
|
|
If
you had much money, would you buy a sport car?
|
|
|
If
you were a millionaire, would you donate my money to charity?
|
Conditional
sentence type 3 atau
third conditional adalah conditional
sentence yang digunakan ketika result/consequence (hasil) dari
condition (syarat) tidak ada kemungkinan terwujud karena condition-nya
harus sudah dipenuhi di masa lalu.
Rumus Conditional Sentence Type 3
Bagian
conditional clause (if + condition) menggunakan subordinate
conjunction “if” dan past perfect
tense, sedangkan bagian main clause
(result) menggunakan perfect modal (modal
+ have + past
participle).
Berikut
rumus conditional sentence type 3.
- If di awal kalimat:
|
if
+ condition, result/consequence
|
|
if
+ past perfect, would/should/could/might have + past participle
|
- If di tengah kalimat:
|
result/consequence
+ if + condition
|
|
would/should/could/might
have + past participle + if + past perfect
|
Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentence Type 3
Beberapa
contoh kalimat conditional sentence type 3 dapat dilihat pada tabel
sebagai berikut.
|
Kalimat
|
Contoh
Kalimat Conditional Sentence type 3
|
|
(+)
|
If
you had remembered to invite me, I would have attended your party.
(Jika kamu ingat mengundang saya, saya akan hadir di pestamu.)
Fakta:
but
you didn’t remember
(tapi
kamu tidak ingat)
|
|
If
I had given the interviewer really good answers, I might have got a higher
position than you.
(Jika saya memberi jawaban yang benar-benar bagus ke pewawancara, saya mungkin memdapatkan posisi yang lebih tinggi dari kamu.)
Fakta:
but
I didn’t give really good answers
(tapi
saya tidak memberikan jawaban yang benar-benar bagus)
|
|
|
(-)
|
If
the waitress had been careful, she wouldn’t have broken many plates.
(Jika pelayan tersebut hati-hati, dia tidak akan memecahkan banyak piring.)
Fakta:
but
the waitress wasn’t careful
(tapi
pelayan tersebut tidak hati-hati)
|
|
(?)
|
If
he had asked you for forgiveness, would you have forgiven him?
(Jika dia meminta maaf kepadamu, akankah kamu memaafkannya?)
Fakta:
but
he didn’t ask you for forgiveness
(tapi
dia tidak meminta maaf)
|
Sumber :
